A very detailed thermal analysis of a flat plate solar collector was carried out to predict the thermal performance. When installed, collectors may break if struck by a hard object e. Solar thermal systems performances versus flat plate solar. Parameter effects on design and performance of flat plate. The aim of this thesis is to develop a design tool for predicting the performance of a flatplate solar collector. Figure 1 multirow flat plate collector in a given location. Thus, the performance of the plate solar collector is important.
These collectors are used primarily in solar domestic hot water applications, and also in space heating systems. Designandconstructionofaserpentinesolarflatplatecollector112. Mod12 lec12 theory of flat plate collectors liquid based a. Pdf the featured research discusses the optimization of lowcost flat plate solar collector fpsc design parameters, using numerical and. All efforts have been made to make the metal components safe to handle, but there may still be some sharp edges. Flat plate solar collectors, solar collector apricus solar. Tracking the sun in both azimuth and elevation, these collectors keep the suns rays normal to the collector surface.
An experimental research was performed to describe the transient behavior of a flat plate. The program objective was to design, fabricate, and test a flatplate solar collector capable of a. A typical flat plate collector consists of an absorber plate in an insulated box together with transparent cover sheets. Sppmonarch solar flat plate collector the sppmonarch is our high performance solar flat plate collector. Flat plate collectors are an extension of the basic idea to place a collector in an ovenlike box with glass in the direction of the sun. Design, cfd analysis and fabrication of solar flat plate. The flatplate collector design program codepro is a program that can help solar engineers design flatplate solar collectors. The flat plate collector features a low profile design 80mm 3. For a basic overview of the apricus fpc flat plate solar collector design and key features, click here. The purpose of this study was to design, construct, and test a liquidheating flat plate solar collector. It is important that this manual, all other documents included with this system, and additional publications, such as solar water heating system design and installation guidelines. While most of the studies related to the analysis and design of solar collectors considered only deterministic approaches, this work presents the multiobjective optimization of flat plate solar collectors using both deterministic and probabilistic approaches. The required area of flatplate solar collector to achieve the results is around 6. Use accurate system design tools to calculate lifecycle costs and optimize cost effectiveness.
Increasing efficiency of a 33 mw otec in indonesia using flat plate solar collector for the seawater heater this paper presents a design concept of ocean thermal energy conversion otec plant built in mamuju, west sulawesi, with 33 mwe and 7. Flatplate thermal solar collectors are the most commonly used type of solar collector. Slightly bigger collectors 2 x 2 meters the prices average between r4500 and r4700. Design, construction and testing of a liquidheating flat. The first solar thermal collector designed for building roofs was patented by william h. This paper focuses on thermal efficiency analysis of flat plate collectors. Characteristic values of flatplate and evacuated tube collectors qcoll is the energy collected per unit collector area per unit time fr is the collectors heat removal factor. Flat plate collectors be careful when handling the collectors, as they will break if dropped. Flat plate collector advanced design module collector roof integrated collector. The aim of this thesis is to develop a design tool for predicting the performance of a flat plate solar collector. Evacuated tubes tend to be 1015% more expensive than flat plates, but their processing costs are dropping.
Flatplate collector design program codepro the flatplate collector design program codepro is a program that can help solar engineers design flatplate solar collectors. These designs are classified in two general types of solar collectors. Flatplate collectors are an extension of the basic idea to place a collector in an ovenlike box with glass in the direction of the sun. The first solar thermal collector designed for building roofs was patented by. A solar collector refers to the component of the homes solar hot water system that absorbs heat. The importance of flatplate collectors is that their thermal performance can be predicted and treated in considerable detail. A very detailed thermal analysis of a flatplate solar collector was carried out to predict the thermal performance. This is reasonable, though somewhat surprising, since the mean collector temperature is maintained below 100 c, thus. Flat plate solar collectors flat plate solar collectors have been in service for the last 30 years, without significant changes in their design and operating principles.
An array of 60 identical flat plate collectors with total area of 120 m. Its role is to investigate the possibilities, benefits and limitations of a microchannel design in the context of a thin flat panel collector. Its role is to investigate the possibilities, benefits and limitations of a microchannel design. Pdf modelling and experimentation of thermal flat plate solar. Evacuated tube collector an overview sciencedirect topics. Feb 09, 2015 copper is more expensive, but is a better conductor and less prone to corrosion than aluminum. A typical flatplate collector is an insulated metal box with a glass or plastic cover called the glazing and a darkcolored absorber plate. The collector casing shall be of an interlocking construction design. The most important part of a solar collector is the absorber. Physical processes inside a flat plate collector reflection on the pane of glass. For example if you are using water you need to know how much water is consumed for. A key feature is the light weight and low profile due to use of ultralight melamine foam insulation. Most flat plate collectors have two horizontal pipes at the top and bottom, called headers, and many smaller vertical pipes connecting them, called risers. Design considerations for flat plate solar water heater system.
High performance flat plate solar thermal collector evaluation. The key considerations in flat plate collector design are maximizing absorption, minimizing reflection and radiation losses, and effective heat transfer from the collector plate to the fluids. There shall be no screws or fasteners penetrating the collector casing used to join casing sections together. Oneaxis tracking flat plate collector with axis oriented northsouth 4 twoaxis tracking flat plate collectors. Designing a flat plate solar collector also involves the type of liquid used, the density, viscosity, flowrate. Solar flat plate collectors solar water heating flat panels. It has been developed so that most details of the collector configuration can be specified. Application of solar energy for domestic and industrial heating purposes has been become very popular. Flatplate and evacuatedtube solar collectors are mainly used to collect heat for space heating, domestic hot water, or cooling with an absorption chiller. It is a great example of how to use the srcc data to make a good decision on which collector is best for a particular application.
Solar radiation data manual for flatplate and concentrating. Work and properties of different components of a flat plate collector absorber plate. Flat plate collector a simple flat plate collector consists of an absorber surface. A large plate of blackened material is oriented in such a manner that the solar energy that falls on the pl. Journal of mechatronics, electrical power, and vehicular. Design methodologyapproach a range of published papers and internet research including research work on various solar thermal collectors flat plate, evacuated tubes, and heat pipe tube were used. Background solar thermal water heating or solar hot water shw has a long history of use throughout the world, but has had varying penetration in the u. In a general case, when measurements of incident solar radiation i t are available, the convenient approximation for the absorbed energy is given by. The solar water heaters using vacuum tubes are more efficient than the flat plate collectors, due to that. The solar collector is defined by means of main levels. The price of the flatplate solar water heating collector is going to depend on two main factors, namely the size and the design. This research reports the effect of wind speed, number of glazing cover, ambient temperature, gap spacing between absorber plate and the glazing cover, tilt angle and the emissivity of the absorber plate on the overall heatloss coefficient of a flatplate collector. The performance of any solar water heater is largely affected by the losses experienced within the system.
From the literature search, information was gathered concerning the basic components of the collector, the different processes and materials that can be used in the construction of these components, and their advantages and disadvantages. In contrast to solar hot water panels, they use a circulating fluid to displace heat to a separated reservoir. A typical flat plate collector is an insulated metal box with a glass or plastic cover called the glazing and a darkcolored absorber plate. Designmethodologyapproach a range of published papers and internet research including research work on various solar thermal collectors flat plate, evacuated tubes, and heat pipe tube were used. A working fluid such as air, water, oil or antifreeze circulates through the tubes. Flat plate collectors flat plate collectors are the most common solar collector for solar waterheating systems in homes and solar space heating. Copper is more expensive, but is a better conductor and less prone to corrosion than aluminum. Oneaxis tracking flatplate collector with axis oriented northsouth 4 twoaxis tracking flatplate collectors. The flat plate collector capabilities a low profile layout 80mm 3. To analyze the performance of solar collectors, the energy equation alone does not account for internal losses, so it is not a sufficient criterion for. The simplest flat plate collectors are the solar ponds and the solar stills which operate by direct utilization of the incident solar radiation acting simultaneously as solar energy converters. The collector casings shall have integral mounting chan nels along the entire length. Evacuated tubes tend to be 1015% more expensive than flat. Design and construction of a solar flat collector for social.
Flatplate solar collectors flatplate solar collectors have been in service for the last 30 years, without significant changes in their design and operating principles. Solar collectors aee institute for sustainable technologies aee intec a8200 gleisdorf, feldgasse 19 austria. Figure 172 is a schematic representation of a typical flatplate collector used for domestic heating. Development of a flat plate solar collector design program. Pdf this paper presents a geometric optimization of flat plate solar collector for water heating using constructal design method. Flat plate collectors have been service for a long time without any significant charges in their design and operational principles. The purpose of this study was to design, construct, and test a liquidheating flatplate solar collector. It is a flat conducting plate to which the tubes, fins, or passages are attached. Ti is in the low range where the efficiency of the flat plate collector is superior to that of an evacuated tube collector. Flat plate solar collectors, solar collector apricus. The apricus fpca32 flat plate collector is suitable for residential or commercial domestic hot water projects. We have flat plate and evacuated tube solar collectors to suit every need.
Mod12 lec12 theory of flat plate collectors liquid. Most flatplate collectors have two horizontal pipes at the top and bottom, called headers, and many smaller vertical pipes connecting them, called risers. Flat plate and evacuatedtube solar collectors are mainly used to collect heat for space heating, domestic hot water, or cooling with an absorption chiller. The instantaneous efficiency for a collector over a day is calculated. The apricus fpca32 flat plate solar thermal collector is suitable for residential or commercial solar water heating projects. Flatplate solar water heating collectors, what you need. The flat plate solar collector is the main component of solar heating systems. Collectors are usually oversized in order to satisfy a heat demand and this increases their manufacturing cost. Value of coefficients for flat plate solar collectors type of collector. The enclosure, with its black metal surface between the tubes and insulation at the. High performance flat plate solar thermal collector.
Design and performance of evacuated solar collector. The simulation results show that by increasing these a water temperature up to 33. Diy flat plate solar collector design using a new concept. Tunisia is charac terized by a temperate and an abundant sunshine for. Alan uses the srcc ratings and collector price data to evaluate the priceperformance for several flat plate and evacuated tube collectors for his latest solar water heating project. Solar flat plate collectors solar water heating flat. Flat plate collectors of the yasaki blue panel type are more suitable for the design in terms of. Data for twoaxis trackers represent the maximum solar radiation at a site available to a collector. Flat plate collectors tend to be cheaper than evacuated tubes because they are a simpler design and easier to manufacture. Bhatia, in advanced renewable energy systems, 2014. A typical flatplate collector consists of an absorber plate in an insulated box together with transparent cover sheets. View our product range below and choose a solar collector that will see you through good weather and bad. Flatplate collectors are the most common solar collector for solar waterheating systems in homes and solar space heating.
Glazed flat plate collectors glazed flat plate collectors glazed flat plates are constructed with insulation on their back and sides and are covered by a transparent cover. These flat plate collectors are available in 3 sizes. An experimental research was performed to describe the transient behavior of a flat plate collector field under outdoor working conditions. Flat plate thermal solar collectors are the most commonly used type of solar collector. Solar collector design, ratings, and performance builditsolar. Flatplate collectors flatplate collectors are the most common solar collector for solar waterheating systems in homes and solar space heating. This reduces the heat loss to the surrounding area and therefore improves the performance of the collector compared to an unglazed version. These collectors heat liquid or air at temperatures less than 80c. The honeycomb solar thermal collector hstc is a flat plate solar. The design of a solar energy system is generally concerned with obtaining maximum efficiency at minimum cost. The importance of flat plate collectors is that their thermal performance can be predicted and treated in considerable detail. In locations with average available solar energy, flat plate collectors are sized approximately onehalf to onesquare foot per gallon of onedays hot water use. Flatplate collector an overview sciencedirect topics.
2 992 1435 111 298 1420 1264 327 1080 253 1377 1345 724 313 202 875 686 1492 1523 735 877 1031 1186 874 11 698 1160 844 1387